Fluid-pressure motor.



C. J. OLSON.

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

APPLICATION 1150 mms. 1913.

1,138,969. Patented May11,1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET C. J. OLSON.

FLUH) PRESSURE MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED mus, 1913.

1,138,969. Q Patented May 11, 1915.

2 $HEETSSHEET 2.

MTED STA TES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES J. OLSON, OF MUSKEGON, MICHIGAN.

FLUID-PRESSURE MOTOR.

masses.

Specification of Letters Patent.

racemes May 11, 1915.

Application filed January 25, 1913. Serial No. 744,182.

To all whom- 1' may concern:

lie it known that 1. CHARLES J. OLsoN,

citizen of the llnited States, residing at Muskegon. in the county ofMuskegon and State. of Michigan, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Fluid- Pressure Motors, of which the following is tooldriven by the motor is not in actualcontact with the work, acomparatively small volume of air will be admitted to the motor and thisvolume will be automatically increased as increased resistance isofl'ered to the operation of the saw.

Another aim of the invention is to provide a motor so mounted andconstructed that it will be adapted to drive an endless saw,

emery-wheel, and various tools designed to he titted into a. chuckcarried by the motor shaft.

For a full utiderstandin-gof the invention reference is to: be had tothe following description and accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1is a vertical front torear sectional view through the motor embodyingthe present invention. Fig. 2 is a side eleration thereof. Fig. 3 is atop plan view. Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse sectional view in theline -l--l of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is'a vertical section.- on the line 5-5 ofFig. 4. Fig. (3 is a detail perspective view of one of the pawls. shownin Fig.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the followingdescriptionand' indicated in all the views of the accompanying drawingsby the same reference characters.

As will presently appear, the structure emhmlying the resent inventionincludes twin motto-shaving a common shaft, which shaft carries. betweenthe motors, a s rocket for driving the endless saw, hereto ore re-.fvrl'edto. and at one end is provided with a chuck and at its other endis arranged for the support of a butting wheelfor the li e.

In the drawings, the shaft above referred to is indicated by the numeral1, and the sprocket mentioned includes in its structure a bodyconsisting of a collar 2 t0 the o'ppo-. site vfaces of which are securedflanges 3, the parts being connected preferably by rivets. This collaris keyed, or otherwise secured upon the shaft 1 at a point substantiallymidway between the ends of the shaft and, as before mentioned is locatedbetween the two compressedair motors from which power is derived. Thesprocket also includes in its structure an annular disk 4 which isfitted between annular plates 5 and secured thereto by rivets 6, theduter peripheries of the plates 5 being located beyond the peripheriesof the disk 4, as clearly shown in lfig. 4: of the drawings. Thisportion of the s rocket is rotatably received between the anges 3 of thebody. portion thereof and a number of bearing rollers 7 are arrangedbetween the flanges 3 and between the outer periphery of the collar 2and the inner peripheries of the disk 4 and plates 5. The periphery ofthe disk is formed with teeth 9 with which the links 9' of the chain saware arranged to cooperate. Inasmuch as this saw and the support thereforform the subject-matter of my copending application for patent onpneumatically operated chain saws, filed May 28, 1912, Serial No.700,264, the saw and its support will not be further described in thiscase,

i and it is to be understood that any desired type of saw may beemployed.

As illustrated in Fig. 5 of the drawings, the peripheries of the flanges3 are formed 'with notches 12 and pivoted as at 13 upon the outer face'of each plate. are pawls 14 which are arranged to engage in the notchesin the flanges 3 whereby to connect the first .and last describedsections of the sprocket for rotation in unison. Thus when the shaft 1is rotated in one direction, that section of the socket comprising thedisk 4 and lates 5 will be correspondingly rotated. n order, however,that the pawls 14 may be held out of engagement in the respectivenotches 12. the outer face of each plate 5 is formed adjacent the pivotfor each pawl with an indentation 15 in which is adapted to seat alaterally projecting lug 16 upon the adjacent pawl. Each plate isfurther formed with a similar indentation 17 so located that when theadjacent pawl has its lug 16 engaging therein, the end of the pawl willbe held in the res ective notch 12.

As be ore stated, two compressed air motors are arranged upon thepower-shaft I, one located at each side of the sprocket above described,and these motors are of counter-part constructiom'and consequently adescription of one will suflice for both.

Each of the compressed air motors, above mentioned, includes a casingconsisting of a substantially annular body 39 to the sides of which aresecured heads 40 and 41. These heads are formed axially with openings towhich the shaft 1 is rotatably fitted and the head 41 of each casing isprovided with-a laterally projecting flange 42 which is secured by meansof bolts, or similar fastening devices 43 to the inner end of the stockof the saw, the stock being indicated in eneral by the reference numeral43*. ach head 41 is formed with a rearwardly projecting flange 44 andthe handle ofthe device, which also constitutes a support for themotors, and which is indicated by the reference numeral 45, is formed atits forward end with'forwardlypro'jecting flanges 46 to which the flan s44 are secured by means of screws 47. he rotor of each motor includes ahub 48 which is keyed to the shaft 1 and each rotor further includes arim 49 and a web 50. At intervals the web 50 is thickened to equal thewidth of the rim 49, as indicated at 51 and at each of these thickenedportions constitutes a head in which is arranged one of the pistons ofthe rotor. These pistons are indicated by the numeral 52 and are in theform of lates slidably fitted in suitably formed-soc ets 53 in the heads51 which sockets open at the periphery of'the rim 49. Each piston isprovided with stems 54 which fit slidably in openings in the inner endsof the heads 51 and a spring 55 is arranged upon-each of the stems andserves to hold the related piston 52 in extended relation, or in otherwords with its outer end projecting beyond the periphery of the rim 49.The said edges of the piston blades 52 travel over the inner surface ofthe'annular body 39 of the casing in which the rotor is mounted, andthis memher of theeasingis provided interiorly with abutments 56 locatedat diametrically opposits-points and more specifically at the Supper andlower sides thereof. The said member of the casing is formed at its rearside with passageways 57 and 58 which communicate with the interior ofthe casing in front and in rear of the upper and lower' abutments,respectively. These passageways 57 and 58 communicate with the inner endof an inlet ort 59 which is formed in the handle 45.

e web 50 is formed with open-' ings 60 at points between the pistonblades 52, and each head of the casing is bulged as at 61 to form anexhaust by-pass, there being two such by-passes in each of the cylinderheads and the two being located at diametrically opposite points. Anannular series of exhaust openings 62 is formed in each head 50 and itis through these openings that the exhaust air may escape, it havingpassed around the rim of the rotor by way of the by-pass passages 61 andthrough the openings 60 in the web 50 of the rotor.

It Will now be understood that when air under pressure is admitted intothe paswill be allowed to rush over the edges of the rim of the rotorand, passing through the openings 60 will escape by way of the openings62. In this manner, the exhaust of air from the rotors is renderedpractically noiseless, and it will be observed furthermore that there isno chance whatsoever of the rotors stopping in such position that they 4will not be immediately set in motion upon the admission of air underpressure through the port 59.

The handle 45 is formed at the intake end of the passage 59 with arecess 63 and with a nipple 64 .to which is clamped or otherwiseattached one end of a flexible tube 65' which serves to conduct airunder pressure from any suitable source of supply to the motors. Thethrottle valve which controls the supply of air under pressure throughthe passage 59 is indicated at 66 and is arranged to seat at the intakeend of the said passage and the stem of this valve is indicated by thenumeral 67 and fits slidably through the end of the handle 45 and isprovided with a head 68. A finger-lever 69 is provided for opening thevalve 66 and this lever is pivotally mounted for rocking movement as at70 upon the upper side of the handle and has a finger-piece 71projecting forwardly beyond its pivot and a finger 72 projectingrearwardly from the pivot and downwardly behind the end of the handleand in engagement with the stem 67 and its head 68, asclearly shown inFigs. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings. The valve 66 is normally heldclosed bymeans of a spring 73 which is fitted upon its stem 67 and bears at oneend against the valve and at its other end against onewall of the recess63.

As before stated, a valve is provided for automaticallycontrollingthesupply of air under pressure to the motors and this valvemesses I will now be described. The valve-is posichamber-74 betweenthe'piston heads 75 and tioned within the valvechamber 74 which isformed in the handle'45 and which traverses the air passage 59. Thevalveincludes a 1 piston. which is slidably fitted within the valve-chamber74 and. comprises ahead 75 and a head 76, these heads being connected bya stem 77, preferably integral with the head 76 and is threaded into thehead 75,

the said heads being spaced with relation to each other.- The chamber 74is divided between the heads 75 and 76 of the. piston, by

a partition 78' held in place by means of pins 79 which project sockets80 formed at opposite points in the wall of the chamber, these pinsbeing projected into and held 1n engagement in theisockets by means ofscrews 81 threaded, into the partition and" having conical enteringends; The partition 78 is formed with ports-82 and the 76 is filled withoil or other. fluid,'as clearly shown in Fig. 1. A plug 83 is removablyfitted into the upper end of the chamber 74 and a spring 84: is arrangedwithin thechamber and bears at its upper-end against the plug.83 and atits lower end against the piston head 75, this springserving' normallyto lower the piston within the chamber, as will be readily understood.In order that reciprocation of the head'75 in the chamber will not beinterfered with, by compression of the air above this head, ventopenings. 85

are formed in the plug 83. The lower end of the chamber 74 is closed bymeans of a plug 86 and adjustably threaded through this plug is anabutment screw 87 held at adjustment by means of a jamb-nut 88. The

upper end of the screw 87 15 presented at the axis of the head 76 andthe spring 84: nor-. mally holds the valve lowered with its said head inengagement with the screw.

It will be observed from inspection of the drawins that by adjusting thescrew 87 up or own, the valve may be normally so positioned as to moreor. lesscompletely close the passage 59 so that when the throttle valveis opened by pressing upon the finger-piece of the throttle lever agreater or less volume of air will be admitted through this passage;

As before'pointed out, the pawls 14 may be positioned out of engagementin the notches 12 so as topermit of rotation of the shaft 1 through themedium of'the compressed air motors without however rotating the drivingsprocket of the saw so that this shaft may be employed for the purposeof rotating an emery wheel or a chuck supported at its ends. Theemery-wheel is indicated at 89 and includes a hub 90 fixed upon oneprojecting end of the shaft 1 and held thereon by means of a nut 91threaded upon the said end of the shaft. One face of the hub is formedwith a ball-race 92 and seated in this race and in asimilar race 93formed in the face of theadjacent'motor 'casingihead 40. are. bearingballs 94. The

chuck above referred to is indicated by the numeral-95and is fixed upontheopposite end of-theshaft 1 and carries a set-screw 96 which may be tihtened to bearagainst and hold the tang o -a bit 97 and fitted withinthescrew.

0 on' f the devicejis as fol- A, lows he g nor Shown-in Fig.1 of the Idrawings being in normal position, whereby a partly close the passage59, the throttle :valve is o ened by depressing the finger-.

piece 71 o the throttle lever 69. thereby admitting air under pressureto the said pas.-

supported by the" shaft, but not suflicientto came the saw or tool tocut through-,the piece of material against which it is 'a p-' -plied.However, as soon as the saw or the y tool. is applied to the material,the resistsage.. The air admitted is only in such vol ume asjto set-inmotion "the "saw, or a tool ance offered to its movement will result inan-increase inv pressure within the valvechamber 74, and as aconsequence the iston valve within this chamber will be As the pressurewithin the mntors overthe saw, .or rotation of the tool, the rotors ofthe motors willbe set in motion and the move downwardly a greater orless degree,

but this movement will be comparatively slow, due-to the factthat thefluid within the chamber 74 between the heads 75 and 76 must passthrough the openings 82 in the partition'78', and it will be readilyunderstood that when the valve hasbeen-lowered sufficiently to reducethe sup ly of air under pressure to the motors, suiiicient to cause anaccumulation of air under pressure in the motor casings and the passage59' and the chamber 74, the increased pressure will again, result in aforward movementof the valve. B the provision of such .a valve thesupply 0 air under pressure to the motors is governed in accordance withthe characifted.

' comes the resistance offered tothe travel of saw or tool will becaused to properly act upon the material. Should pressure'within themotor casing become lowered, due to less resistance being offered to therotation of the motor shaft the governor valve will terof the work beingacted upon, and as a and the rotor having a rim and the exhaust openingsin the wall of the casing being located within the boundary of the rim,and a by-pass in the said wall of the casing at the rim of the motor.

2. In a motor, of the class described, a casing, a rotor mounted in thecasing and having a peripheral rim extending between the heads of thecasing, the said heads of the casing being provided with oppositelylocated by-passes located at the rim of the rotor, the rotor beingformed with passageways located inwardly of the rim, and an inlet forthe casing, one head of the casing being formed with exhaust openingslocated inwardly of the by-pass and within the boundaryof the rim.

3. In a motor of the class described, a casing, a rotor mounted in thecasing and having a hub and a peripheral rim extending between the headsof the casing and supported u on the hub by a perforated web, the saidubof the casing being provided with oppositely located'bypassescommunieating at their ends with the space between the said rim of therotor and the curvilinear wall of the casing and the space within therim, an inlet for the casing communicating with the space between therim and the curvilinear wall of the casing, pistons upon the rotorprojecting into said space, one head of the casing being formed withexhaust openings communicating with the space within the rim.

4. In a motor of the class described, a casing including sides and arim, the casing having an inlet port opening through its rim, a rotormounted within the casing, the rotor including a rim extending betweenthe said sides of the casing, the said sides of the casing beingoutwardly bulged at a point in the peripheral line of the rim of therotor whereby to provide a by-pass between the space exteriorly oi therim of the rotor and interiorly of the same, and pistons carried by therotor and projecting beyond the rim of the same, the sides of the casingbeing provided with exhaust openings located within the boundaries ofthe rim of the rotor.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES J. oLsoN. n 8.

Witnesses:

J. J. PERRY, i E. HATHAWAY.

